Consciousness Among African Americans Women Essay

Consciousness Among African Americans Women Samantha Venturina Middlesex County College Abstract Race and ethnicity play a crucial role in one’s life. Communities worldwide were developed around diverse racial and ethnic identities whom proffer internal sources of resilience to others in the community. However, these aspects can consist of adverse social consequences that influence an individual’s chances of receiving quality medical care, getting a job offer or loan, and/or being falsely accused by authoritative figures. In addition to these hostile effects, one would ponder if it has a detrimental effect a person’s own self-esteem. Recall the racial, class, and social inequality in the United States of America in the 1960s (Eaton, Livingston, McAdoo, 2008). Those who were considered minorities, such as the Chinese, Japanese, Indian, and various other races, dealt with the earliest form of discrimination back in the days. For an elongated time, African Americans were especially susceptible to the harsh and cruel discrimination in America as described in hi story classes. Given the prolonged exposure to such negativity, numerous social scientists were puzzled on whether the psychological health of African Americans was possible. While there were several studies that found race-related attitudes to be positively related to healthier psychological outcomes in African Americans; there were only an insufficient amount of reports that endeavored to assess what factors precedeShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance1209 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿The Harlem Renaissance represents the rebirth and flowering of African-American culture. Although the Harlem Renaissance was concentrated in the Harlem district of New York City, its legacy reverberated throughout the United States and even abroad, to regions with large numbers of former slaves or blacks needing to construct ethnic identities amid a dominant white culture. The primary means of cultural expression during the Harlem Renaissance were literature and poetry, although visual art, dramaRead MoreDu Bois : A n Important American Thinker1744 Words   |  7 PagesW. E. B. Du Bois was an important American thinker, philosopher, poet, economic historian, social critic, and sociologist. His work challenges our own categorization and how we see each other in society. The article focuses merely on Du Bois contribution to philosophy. The reader must keep in mind throughout reading the article that Du Bois is more than a philosopher he is a countless social leader. His extensive efforts all seem to come down to one common goal in the article, the equality of coloredRead MoreThe Memos On Women During The Civil Rights Movement Essay1554 Words   |  7 Pagesboth races. Two Memos on Women Women learned from their involvement with the civil rights movement to â€Å"think radically about the personal worth and abilities of people whose role in society had gone unchallenged before.† These thoughts, naturally, became part of how women began to place themselves within the civil rights movement and to truly start to think about what being a woman in a civil rights organization, like SNCC meant. In a way SNCC acted similarly to the radical abolitionists of theRead MoreCaribbean American Women1256 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom the reality of upcoming scholars having to laboriously quote Euro-American male scholars in order to establish them within their field. Under this standard what we find is that in the constant referencing of these European scholars the racial and cultural hierarchy of western society is sustained. 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Washington s plea for people to cast down buckets where you are How does this relate to his view of his new era? Booker T Washington was a social activist who advocated for increased rights of African Americans in the South. In Booker T Washington s speech he was urging African Americans to have patience with White Americans and accept discrimination from the white men and toRead MoreThe Dangers Of Blaxploitation Films Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagesmovies in American society were at an all time high in the 1970’s. They gained popularity during and after the civil rights movement due to the influence African Americans were having on society. The movie Coffy, directed by Jack Hill and release in 1973, is a great example of how Blaxploitation movies reinforced the stereotypes that already exist about black men and women. Young African American filmmakers, made lots of these types of movies in order to appeal to the young African American crowd. 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According to Belgrave (2009), majority of girls report positive relationships with their mothers. Most girls learn from their mothers. This is because mothers teach and socialize with their daughters regarding any facetRead MoreThe Beliefs Of Misconceptions And Gender, Race, And Sexuality1472 Words   |  6 PagesCollins approaches the beliefs of misconceptions already existent towards multi social groups’ underlying different issues mostly affecting African Americans. These issues highlighted by Collins include, â€Å"a set of ideas and social practices shaped by gender, race, and sexuality that frame Black men and women’s treatment of one another, as well as how African Americans are perceived and treated by others† (p.7). These ideas encaps ulate a false understanding of the issues surrounding the persecutions the

Epistolary Novels and Mimetic Devices - 1256 Words

CHAPTER FIVE: Epistolary Novels And Mimetic Devices We have seen how the use of mimetic devices contributed to Still Alice and Turn of Mind. In Chapter FIVE I explore the possibility of using Facebook, (a twenty first century mode of communication), as a mimetic device to augment conventional prose fiction. In this chapter I want to show how mimetic devices such as letters, bank statements and reports have already been used in epistolary fiction so that I can consider their use as models for my own work. I touch briefly on the history of the use of mimetic devices in the epistolary novel and go on to discuss how mimetic devices in So Much For That , House Mother Normal and Flowers for Algernon allow us to hear different voices and create texture. In SMFT chapters are headed with a bank statement showing how illness drains people’s savings. In HMN, each character is preceded by a clinical report which includes their cognitive ability. FFA uses a diary or â€Å"progris report† to tell the story. I discuss how these mimetic devices contribute to the story. In the 18th century, letter writing took on great importance as a new mode of communication. (Studying the Novel 2001) In Pamela by Richardson, letters between Pamela and her family are used to tell the story of Pamela’s resistance to seduction by her employer. The reader is puzzled by the sudden cessation of Pamela’s family’s replies to her letters, only to find that this is because Pamela’s employer has insisted onShow MoreRelatedHumanities11870 Words   |  48 PagesImpressionism and Post Impressionism. National Gallery of Art. Abbeville Press Publishers, New York. MAJOR AREAS OF ART ~Literary Arts Are those presented in the written mode and intended to be read.   These include prose and poetry.  (e.g. novels, short stories, sonnet, ballad, epic, essay) ~Visual Art Are those forms perceived by the eyes.   These include painting, sculpture,  and  architecture   ~Audio Visual Art   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Are those forms perceived by both ears (audio) and

Accounting Compliance and Regulation free essay sample

In the recent years Redlands Manufacturing, Inc. has been audited and subjected to constant fiscal penalties due to fraudulent financial reporting on the companies part. Due to the following incorrect procedure the company has had to paid a tremendous amount fines: Channel Stuffing: Incorrect Practice: For financial gain, Redlands Manufacturing, Inc. shipped equipment to vendors with out a full merchant agreement and agreed to except returned merchandise back if it was not sold by yearend. This can inflates the sales figures which will increase your assets. By Redlands not recognizing the allowance for the merchandise when the products are returned, this results in false reporting of assets and cash flow. If accounting records of the company are reporting false monetary, then the company may over extend themselves. This is poor management and can be detrimental to the company. Vendor Dinging: Incorrect Practice: Redlands made a false claim to some of their suppliers. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Compliance and Regulation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Stating the merchandise supplied by the supplier was damaged and in exchanged for customer satisfaction the supplier gave Redlands a discount on the merchandise order. In reality the merchandise was not damage but was used for regular company production. Redlands received merchandise at discounted rates, which will alter accounting records because it is not an accurate account of supplies being used for manufacturing and sold at the cost of production. Again, this will show an increase in cash flow which is not accurate. Capitalizing Revenue Expenditures: Incorrect Practice: Redlands reported multiple expenses as 1-time expense on balance sheets as long-term assets instead of an expense for the current fiscal year. Some items were recognized a current expenses, which was refer to as depreciation. If the company continues to file documentation in this fashion then the company is allowing depreciation for incorrect expenses showing a higher capital gain. Special Purpose Entities (SPEs): Incorrect Practice: Redlands deliberately did not record liabilities to its balance sheet because the debt was financed through a third party (SPE), which, consisted of businesses established by Redlands executives. When setting up a SPE, there are certain standards that need to be applied. If standards are not meet, Redlands could hide losses and fabricate earnings like the Enron scandal. Redlands should report any liabilities on their balance sheet especially since Redlands executives new what was going on. Round Tripping: Incorrect Practice: Improperly documentation of revenue and expense. In exchange for company expenses (internet, television, etc. ), Redlands would provide company products to these companies. Redlands reported the financial revenue saved by not paying for the expenses but did not report company expenses. This portrayed a facade for the company as having more money then original possessed. Also, you will not be able to determine which type of advertisement was beneficial to the company. If you don’t document your expenses it will give a false calculation for your profit and loss for the year. The revenue recognition principle dictates when revenue is recognized and reported as income. My purpose of this correspondence is to inform and educate Mr. Bacon about these inappropriate transactions and how specific practices of accounting that are set forth by the federal government to properly comply with all business in the US need to be followed. The accounting department provides organizational stakeholders with financial data about it’s operations, investments, and financing activities. Financial accounting provides information about the company to investors, creditors, and the public, if improper practices such as these acts stated above are reflected in company history then the Redlands can jeopardize the reputation of the company and lose potential and current investors. Redlands has altered financial statements, which monitor the company’s cash flow, if information such as round tripping and vendor dinning occur then, the tracking of inflow and outflow of cash is incorrectly being monitor eaving huge room for error and fraudulent transactions by the company. My recommendation is that the following fraudulent financial transaction be corrected immediately and update records so that they comply with all federal regulation and state laws. Also, I would fire each management that let these types of transaction continue. Each one of theses arrangements are inexcusable, you don’t have to be an accountant to know that they are wrong.

Mernissi Essays - First Fitna, Sahabah, Arab Muslims, Quraish

Mernissi Mernissi makes the claim that "Any man who believes that a Muslim woman who fights for her dignity and right to citizenship excludes herself necessarily from the umma...is a man who misunderstands his own religious heritage, his own cultural identity" (Mernissi viii). She goes about supporting this claim by delving into the very detailed documentation of Islam history. She attributes misogyny in the past and present Muslim culture to the male elite. She gives many examples of how Muhammad and Islam have only supported equality of the sexes and also how the male elite used false hadiths and very narrow interpretations of the Koran and true hadiths for their purpose. She begins by describing how the male elite started running things right from the onset of Muhammad's death. When a successor to Muhammad was picked, it did not involve the people of the community at all or any women. It was done by a small group of followers which were very close to the prophet, a sort of elite group. This sort of leadership in Islam continued in the same manner as only the elite were involved. This helped preserve what they thought was essential and according to the interests of the participants the essentials varied. The fabrication of false hadiths by the male elite was probably the first and most popular way for them to protect their interests. The people governing knew how important it was to "seek legitimacy in and through the sacred text" (Mernissi 43). Mernissi talks about al-Bukhari, who methodically and systematically collected and verified true Hadiths. He was exiled from his native town because he refused to bring the knowledge of the Hadith to the governor of the town and have it corrupted. He knew that the invitation from the governor was made only for him to probably fabricate some Hadith which would benefit the politicians. Many did not follow al-Bukhari's example but allowed themselves to be bought for a price and fabricated Hadiths for the politicians. Even Companions of the Prophet fabricated Hadiths in order to promote their own personal views. In the case of the Hadith which states, "Those who entrust their affairs to a woman will never know prosperity", Mernissi argues that this Hadith was never uttered by the Prophet and probably made up for personal reasons of Abu Bakra, who claimed to have heard the Hadith spoken by the Prophet. First, she finds out from research that he must have had an excellent memory because he recalled the Hadith about twenty-five years after the Prophet supposedly uttered it. At the same time "the caliph `Ali retook Basra after having defeated `A'isha at the Battle of the Camel" (Mernissi 50). This leads Mernissi to wonder if Abu Bakra made up the Hadith to give reason for not supporting `A'isha in the fitna. Mernissi also attacks the morals of Abu Bakra and finds out that he had been found to give false testimony in a case to the caliph `Umar. So with the improbable case of extraordinary memory and lying in other areas of his life, Mernissi gives reason to reject Abu Bakra as a reliable source of Hadith. Mernissi discounts another Hadith made by Abu Hurayra, "The Prophet said that the dog, the ass, and woman interrupt prayer if they pass in front of the believer, interposing themselves between him and quibla." (Mernissi 64) First, Mernissi finds that when `A'isha heard of this Hadith, she rebuked it by saying that she had seen the Prophet saying his prayers while she was lying on the bed between him and quibla (Mernissi 70). History also gives Abu Hurayra a very anti-feminine personality. He had a nickname given to him by the Prophet which he disliked because of the trace of femininity in it. This lead him to say "..the male is better than the female" (Mernissi 71). He is also an object of distrust because even al-Bukhari stated that "people said that Abu Hurayra recounts too many Hadith" (Mernissi 79). He even confessed and retracted his words completely about a Hadith concerning sex and fasting. Mernissi again uses `A'isha's refutings and the tainted personality of the individual claiming the Hadith to reject it. I agree and like the way Mernissi goes about the finding wrong the Hadiths that put women down. It is pretty hard to argue with her method and its validity. She finds the background to the person, time, and events that the Hadith came from and sheds new light on it. Also by exposing to the public `A'isha's responses to the Hadiths helps her drive her point home. No wonder `A'isha is hidden in history